Yoni Ben Menachem – Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs
The results of the Gaza war have
caused Hamas serious distress, something its leadership did not foresee before
launching the war with Israel. The movement now appears to be in a process of
stocktaking and reassessment in light of its situation, including the
difficulties in rehabilitating the Gaza Strip, the bitter rift with the
Palestinian Authority, and the deterioration in relations with Egypt. Among
other things, Egypt has been constraining Hamas’s ability to arm itself.
To this must be added the effects of the weakening of the Muslim Brotherhood,
the parent-movement of Hamas, and of the strengthening of the Islamic State as
an organization that, in the name of Islam, has been challenging Arab regimes
and Western states as it acts to establish the Islamic Caliphate-the goal to
which Hamas also aspires.
A recent conference at Bir Zeit University near Ramallah addressed the issue of
“The Political and Strategic Status of the Gaza Strip.” Among the topics
discussed were the difficulties Hamas is encountering in the domestic,
national, and regional spheres and the need for a thorough rethinking of its
tactics and strategy.
Dr. Khaled al-Hroub, a conference participant and researcher at Cambridge
University, published in the newspaper Al-Ayam several ideas of Sheikh Ahmed
Yusuf of Gaza, a prominent Hamas leader. In the framework of the conference,
Sheikh Yusuf presented a study focusing on the outcomes of Operation Protective
Edge and on the need for a new ideology and political strategy for Hamas.
Al-Hroub provides quotations from Yusuf’s article that harshly criticize the
Hamas government in Gaza, claiming that it “was not on the level required of
the movement and lacks vitality and innovation.”
Hamas
Leader: Time to Rethink Policies
Yusuf asserts that “there is a need to rethink how it behaves in light of the
local, Arab, and international changes.”
Yusuf’s words indicate that Hamas leadership in the West Bank and Gaza did not
take part in the decision to go to war with Israel and that the movement’s
decisions sometimes were not brought to the Hamas Shura Council for deliberation.
Yusuf emphasizes the need for a major revision of the movement’s aims, which,
he says, were written down in December 1987 and are outmoded.
Al-Hroub presented several main points from Yusuf’s recommendations to the
Hamas leadership:
- Military activity must be discussed, and a plan must be
formulated to halt it for a limited period of up to five years and thereby
enable the recovery and rehabilitation of Gaza and the attainment of a national
consensus.
- Discussion of direct
negotiations with Israel must be continued, in line with previous statements on
this issue by Dr. Mousa Abu
Marzouk, deputy chief of the movement’s Political Bureau.
- Assessing relations
with Egypt, Iran, and the Gulf states, and especially with Saudi Arabia and the
UAE, and bolstering ties with
Qatar and Turkey.
- Give the highest
priority to the achievement of stability and security in the Sinai Peninsula so
that relations with Egypt can be improved.
- Hamas and Fatah will
run in the coming elections on a single agreed list.
- In the next
presidential elections, if Mahmoud Abbas decides not to run for the post, Hamas
must support Dr. Salam Fayaed.
- Consideration must be
given to changing the Hamas Charter of 1987, which is exploited by Israel,
especially the articles that are
viewed as “anti-Semitic” and are exploited by Israel to attack the valid
Palestinian problem.
- Support for Mahmoud
Abbas’s plan to join international conventions, while enhancing his legitimacy
as leader of the entire Palestinian
people and allowing him freedom of movement.
- Recalibration of the
Hamas movement’s relationship with the West while distancing it from everything
connected to Al-Qaeda and
Islamic State.
Sheikh Ahmed Yusuf’s positions are seen as courageous among Palestinians,
especially their presentation in a document published in a Palestinian news
outlet. They reveal the true condition of the movement and prescribe for Hamas
leadership a real change and a way out of its current malaise.
It is doubtful whether Hamas leadership will adopt most of Yusuf’s proposals.
Palestinian commentators, however, believe that the adoption of some of these